> 3000 Ave Marias -- Songs of Sharon -- Remi Ghesquiere -- St-Basil's Hymnal --  PROJIMO -- Beyond Good and Evil

Click here to go to the content page

Disabled Village Children

A guide for community health workers, rehabilitation workers, and families

By David Werner


 
 

579

CHAPTER 63

Walking Aids


In designing aids for a child, we need to think not only about her type and amount of disability, but also the stage of progress she is at. For learning to walk, she may progress through a series of stages and aids. Here is an example:

1. Parallel bars 2. Wheeled walker 3. Crutches modified to form walker
Parallel bars Wheeled walker Crutches modified to form walker.
4. Underarm crutches 5. Below elbow crutches 6. Cane with wide base 7. Walking stick (cane) 8. If possible, no aids at all
Underarm crutches Below elbow crutches Cane with wide base. Walking stick (cane) No aids at all.

In this chapter we show a variety of aids for walking. Most can be made easily out of tree branches or wood. Some can be made from building construction bars (reinforcing rod) or metal tubing, and may require welding.

We include these ideas not to ask you to copy them, but with the hope that they will 'trigger' your imagination. Take ideas from these designs, and use the materials you have at hand. When possible, make your aids to meet the needs of the individual child.

At a village rehabilitation center, it helps to have a wide selection of aids on hand, so that you can try different ones on a particular child to find out what works and what she likes best.


580

Parallel bars

Simple designs for outdoor parallel bars, both adjustable and non-adjustable, are included in Chapter 46 on playgrounds, Page 417 and 425. On Page 417 we also give suggestions for adjusting the bar height to meet the needs of the individual child. The designs shown are:

OUTDOOR BARS

Outdoor bars (simple, non-adjustable) Outdoor bars (with a leg separator) 2 designs for bars with adjustable height.


INDOOR BARS (design details for two of several models)

INDOOR BARS (adjustable model) INDOOR BARS (non-adjustable model)


IRON PIPE BARS

IRON PIPE BARS

METAL CONDUIT TUBING

Metal Conduit Tubing (adjustable width bars) Metal Conduit Tubing (adjustable width and height)

581

Walkers

There are many ways to make walkers or walking frames. Here we show a range from very simple to more complex. Choose the design and height depending on the child's needs and size.

table width="80% cellpadding="5">

A simple lolw walker

Julio has strong arms and good body control. He can use a simple low walker.

Lico needs a higher with armrests.

Lico has weak elbows and poor balance or body control. He needs a higher walker with armrests.

Anna does best with underarm crutches built into the walker.

Anna has weak legs and poor balance. She does best with underarm crutches built into the walker.

The above walkers can be made with 2 cm. x 4 cm. boards (such as those used on roofs to hold tiles), or thin trees or branches. The wood or plywood wheels roll easily when little weight is on them (when child pushes walker) but have a braking action when child puts full weight on them (when taking a step).

The wood or plywood wheels have a braking action when child puts full weight on them.

The walkers' view (side & front)

CP

Finding the design that works best for a particular child often involves experimenting and changing different features.

Carlota tends to 'fall through' the space between her arms when the handgrips are upright.

For example, Carlota has poor body and hip control, and tends to 'fall through' the space between her arms when the handgrips are upright.

A higher walker with a bar.

A higher walker with a bar as the handgrip works better for her.

These walkers can be made out of welded or bolted metal tubing.

The walker with slanting bars.

582

Other walker designs

WALKER MADE FROM CANE, RATTAN, OR BAMBOO

Walker made from cane, rattan, or bamboo.

Joints can be tied with cane, ribbon, nylon string, strips of car inner tube or whatever.

WOOD WALKER

Wood walker

Wood walker for a child whose legs need to be held apart.

A walker with no wheels.

Note: A walker with no wheels is very stable but harder to move.

A walker with 2 wheels and 2 posts.

A walker with 2 wheels and 2 posts is fairly stable but easy to move.

A walker with 3 or 4 wheels.

A walker with 3 or 4 wheels is very easy to move but can easily roll out from under the child (unless the child is seated).

WALKER MADE FROM SOLID IRON ROD (RE-BAR) WITH ARMRESTS-WELDING REQUIRED

Measure child Cut and bend rod.
Assemble walker  
Walker's view (side & front) Armrest


SIMPLE WALKER MADE FROM SOLID IRON ROD (RE-BAR)- WELDING REQUIRED

Simple walker made from solid iron rod.

Ccut and weld rod.Simple walker's side & front view

583

cp

CART WALKERS

The added weight in the cart can help the child stand firmly.

The added weight in the cart can help the child stand firmly-and makes learning to walk more fun.

The child can change his grip from the front bar to the side bars.

Design from Handling the Young Cerebral Palsied Child at Home, Finnie. (See Page 638.)

As the child progresses, he can change his grip from the front bar to the side bars.

Wheels on this cart walker.

cp

ROLLER SEAT AND TRICYCLE WALKERS

roller seat and tricycle walkers-1

Useful for a child with cerebral palsy who 'bunny hops' (crawls pulling both legs forward together). Seat holds legs apart. The 'chimney' helps child keep his arms up and apart.

Design from Handling the Young Cerebral Palsied Child at Home, Finnie. (See Page 638.)

roller seat and tricycle walkers-2roller seat and tricycle walkers-3stable for the beginner

WALKERS FOR SITTING AND STANDING

Walkers for sitting and standing

SPIDER WALKER

spider walker-1

Useful for the small child severely affected by cerebral palsy.

spider walker-2

cp

SADDLE-TYPE WALKER

Design from UPKARAN Manual. (See Page 642.)

Saddle-type walker

CAUTION: Sitting walkers should usually be used, if at all, as an early and temporary step toward walking. With them, the child does not learn to balance well and the hips are often at an angle which can form contractures (see Chapter 8, Page 86).

584

Crutches

MEASUREMENTS FOR UNDERARM CRUTCH

Position of crutch's top, elbow, handgrip.

Top of crutch should be 3 fingers' width below armpit, so it does not press under the arms.

Elbow should be bent a little so that arms can lift body when walking.

Handgrip should be placed for comfort- usually about 1/3 of the way down crutch.

Bearing weight under the arms.

WARNING: Bearing weight under the arms like this can cause nerve damage that in time can lead to numbness and even paralysis of the hands.

Wrist drop from crutch pressure.

Putting weight on the child's hands.

Teach the child to put weight on her hands, not on her armpits.

One good way to make sure the child does not hang on the crutches with her armpits is to use elbow crutches like this.

There are many designs for underarm crutches. Here we show a few.

CRUTCHES FROM TREE BRANCHES, padded with wild kapok

Crutches from tree branches, padded with wild kapok.

These single support designs using tree branches are not as strong as the double support design shown at left.

Single support designs using tree branches.


585

WOODEN CRUTCHES

Wooden crutches.

METAL CRUTCH

Metal crutch.

ADJUSTABLE WOOD CRUTCH

Adjustable wood crutch (standard)

LEATHER RING ELBOW CRUTCH

Leather ring elbow crutch

These crutches are easy to make and work well for children who have strong arms and hands.

A disadvantage is that if a child fails he may have trouble getting his arms out quickly.

586

OTHER ELBOW CRUTCHES

With these open elbow-ring crutches, the child can easily get his arms out if he falls.

STANDARD ADJUSTABLE

Other elbow crutches (standard adjustable)

USING LOCAL RESOURCES

Using local resources.


Gutter crutch ('arthritis crutch')
For children who, due to elbow pain or stiffness, cannot use straight-arm crutches.

STANDARD

Gutter crutch (STANDARD)

USING LOCAL RESOURCES

Gutter crutch (USING LOCAL RESOURCES)

These are only examples. Once you get the idea, you can invent your own. A lot of experimentation is often needed to adapt crutches for children with severe arthritis.

Crutch for a child with weak elbow-straightening muscles.

Crutch for a child with weak elbow-straightening muscles.

587

Canes and walking sticks

Straight poles.

Straight poles can help a child with balance problems.

CAUTION: Use poles that are taller than child so if she fails, they will not poke her eyes.

Canes

Canes. Simple canes provide some balance and support, but the child has to use the walking muscles in both legs.

For the child who needs to strengthen a weak or painful leg, a cane makes him use his leg.

For the child who needs to strengthen a weak or painful leg, a cane makes him use his leg. A crutch lets him avoid using his leg, so the muscles that bend his leg get stronger, rather than the ones that straighten it. (See Page 526.)

CANES CUT FROM FOREST PLANTS

Canes out from forest plants.

ADJUSTABLE METAL TUBE CANE

Adjustable metal tube cane

3 OR 4 FOOTED CANE - FOR GREATER STABILITY

3 or 4 footed cane for greater stability (standard metal tube)
3 or 4 footed cane (Alternative Handgrip)

Rubber tip made from car tire for metal tube or bamboo crutch or cane

Standard crutch and cane tip


Metal ring.

For walking in sandy places make crutch and cane tips extra wide.

588

Adaptations of walking aids for carrying things and for work

CRUTCH SLING to free hands for work

Crutch sling to free hands for work.

LEATHER OR CLOTH POUCH

Leather or cloth pouch

BACKPACK

Backpack

HOE ADAPTED AS CRUTCH

Hoe adapted as crutch.A person who has a crutch.

 

 

Click here to go to the content page

Disabled Village Children +

Click here to go to the CONTENT page

Nothing About Us Without Us

Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported  Content is freely available under
Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0  

Thank you for visiting Geert's Ave Maria pages.  My guestbook is always only one page away.
Please do not use my guestbook for spamming, flaming or commercials for other websites.
Such entries will be deleted.

 Sign  my Guestbook!    Read my Guestbook!
 
Questions or comments about this web site?    E-mail me: infoemail meavemariasongs.org
 
Who has visited this PROJIMO website since March 15, 2011

 free counters
 

Who has visited Geert's Ave Maria pages since April 29,  2010? 

free counters
 

# page views since November 22,  2009: visitors online right now.
 
today's stats:      

This website was developed with Microsoft FrontPage for  
optimal screen resolution  1024
× 768